An Methodology Suitable For Scientific Education - 958 Words

Deduction or Induction? The issue of determining which scientific methods will result in empirical truths The following essay aims to discuss the most appropriate methodology suitable for scientific education, and by doing so discusses the various limitations of both overarching methods, induction and deduction. In this essay, Alan Chalmers (What Is This Thing Called Science?, 1976, p. 1) will be used to present a common inductive view on science, whereas Karl Popper’s, Hypothetico Deductivism method will portray a deductive view on science. I go onto argue that despite science being rational, and therefore inductive, I tend to disagree with some aspects of Chalmer’s view on science through the evidence shown through Karl Popper’s research. Overall, this study seeks to establish the resonance of accepting both deductive and inductive reasoning as the basic methodologies upon which scientific research and discoveries proceed, along with discussing the various problems that Popperian hypothetico-deductivists might find with Chalmer’s view, and my overall respon se to that view. Through-out the centuries, scholars, scientists and everyday scientific philosophers have argued over their ideas for the most appropriate methodology suitable for scientific research. Ideologically, scholars are constantly divided on the most appropriate methodology for acquiring empirical truth within their work. Broadly categorised, the critical divide has been between inductive and deductiveShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Research Design874 Words   |  4 PagesScientific research is conducted for a variety or purposes, including gathering preliminary information, to help define a scientific problem, describing a structure or phenomenon, develop new scientific methods or tools, testing a scientific theory, and to evaluate the effectiveness of a policy or program. Many methods are used for conducting scientific research. However, research can only be considered valid and â€Å"good† if it is conducted ethically. A sound research design must be aligned to itsRead Mor eDifferent Types Of Research Methodologies975 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Methodologies With the various types of research methodologies, one can classify them as medical, social, computer, or life science research. However, in computers and bioinformatics research methodology, the methods used are computational, computer simulation, iCloud, omics, and theoretical. Before starting any research, a literature review is required, for example, magazines, books, scholarly/peer reviewed journals, company sales, customer, and employee records. If in the medical fieldRead MoreAnalysis of The Doctoral Research Process 1562 Words   |  7 Pagesstudies can be theory-based or have an applied science base. Statistical methodologies utilized in research studies can include qualitative, quantitative, or blended (Leedy Omrod, 2010; Donnelly Fizmaurice, 2011). The researcher must decide which method will most appropriately extract the information needed to provide the truth within. The doctoral research process involves learning about different types of methodologies and which meth od works best with which type of study (Leedy Omrod, 2010;Read MoreIndependent Research : Teachers Perception Of Inclusion913 Words   |  4 Pageswith Special Educational Needs (SEN) in mainstream education instead of segregating them into separate Special Educational Schools has been the policy of successive governments since New Labour introduced the Green Paper Excellence for All Children (DfEE, 1997) (Hodkinson, 2005). This was superseded by the Code Of Practice (Dfes, 2001), which placed the emphasis on teachers to identify and meet the needs of SEN pupils within mainstream education. The definition of inclusion according to FarrellRead MoreStudents’ Approaches To Learning Are Directly Correlative1561 Words   |  7 Pagesthe students and the faculty. The result of this understanding will help ensure that the required curriculum outcomes are met. 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A Light to My Path Free Essays

A Light to My Path by Lynn Austin parallels the stories of two people, beginning with their realization of slavery. Anna only has vague memories of her parents, of a dream that fades into a nightmare that she can’t remember the end. When she pretends to be a kitten for Missy Claire, the plantation owner’s daughter, Anna is taken into the big house and dubbed Kitty. We will write a custom essay sample on A Light to My Path or any similar topic only for you Order Now Grady has only known life with his mama and playing with Missy Caroline (from A Candle in the Darkness) when he’s sold away from the Fletcher plantation. He serves a slave trader for many years before managing to be gambled away to a kinder owner, Massa Fuller. When Massa Fuller begins calling on Miss Claire, Grady and Kitty’s paths cross. The pretty, naive artist intrigues Grady, but his hatred for anyone white clashes with her subservient attitude. Though Missy Claire treats her like an animal, Kitty is wholly devoted to the only person who’s shown her even the barest scrap of affection. The Civil War begins shortly after their owners marry. Grady sees this as the perfect opportunity for escape, but Kitty is terrified of the idea. Which will win, her love for Grady or her fear? And Grady must choose between his hatred and the Jesus he believed in as a child. Blending breathtaking historical detail with intriguing characters, Lynn Austin crafts a deep tale with important spiritual truths. The Refiner’s Fire series, which can be read in any order, will have the most appeal to women, even for those who don’t prefer books set during the Civil War. Pick up A Light to My Path and prepare for a soulful escape to the past. — Katie Hart, Christian Book Previews. com Book Jacket: This powerful conclusion to Lynn Austin’s REFINER’S FIRE series brings to a close one of the most acclaimed sagas in Christian fiction ever. Each of the first two novels won Christy Awards for Historical Fiction. Now Austin completes her trilogy with a dramatic examination of the Civil War through a slave’s perspective. Riveting, eloquent, and gripping as all of her previous works, it’s the conclusion for which you’ve been waiting. How to cite A Light to My Path, Essay examples

Effect of Colors on the Brain and on Emotions free essay sample

Colors are an intimate facet of our everyday lives and exist in everything that we see. Colors and emotions have a strong relationship between them. It is widely recognized that colors have also a strong impact on our emotions and feelings (Hemphill, 1996; Lang, 1993; Mahnke, 1996). The color red has been associated with excitement, strength, sex, passion, speed, and danger. White has been associated with pure, virginal, clean, youthful, and mild. Blue that is most popular color has been associated with trust, reliability, belonging, and coolness. Black is allied with sophistication, elegant, seductive, mystery, and sexual. And Pink is allied with soft, sweet, nurture, and security. Colors are linked with many different emotions. All colors have positive and negative impression connected with it. It has been tested and proven that colors have different alpha rate associated with it. The purpose of the study was to see if the brain responses differently while looking at different colors and to see if there were any connections between color and emotions. Methods Participants The data for this study was gathered by a total of 11 participants from Cognitive Neuroscience Lab class (4 male and 7 female) at the University Center, Lake County Campus. Among those participants included one professor and the other ten consisted of undergraduate students from psychology department at Northeastern Illinois University. All the participants tested had no sort of color deficiency. Stimuli Series of six questions were prepared for the experiment consisting of two parts: the first part included power-point with the five different colors playing each for 20 seconds followed by the questionnaire. The series of questions asked the participants about their emotional stage while looking at the colors. Five random colors were chosen based on cultural reference for America. The colors consisted of red, white, blue, black and pink. The color samples were prepared using Microsoft PowerPoint 2010 software. Procedure For this study, participants were tested individually in a classroom designed as a computer lab. Each participant was seated front of a desktop computer. The monitor displayed each color illustration full screened one at a time which lasted 20 seconds each. Participants were told to look for a smiley face while looking at colors to keep them focused on the screen. Each participant was observed under the NeuroSky Mindset EEG while viewing the colors to record their brain activity. The order of color illustration was same for all the participants. After each participant was done looking at the colors; they were asked a series of questions related to emotions. Participants were asked, â€Å"What emotional response do you associate with (name of color)? and What color attracted you more? These questions were modified from Boyatizis and Varghese (1994) and Hemphill (1996). Only one response was permitted for each question. The answers were recorded on an observation sheet. Each observation lasted about 5 minutes each. Results Data for this study was analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The median and mean was conducted to get the different alpha amplitude. There were a total of seven different responses for answers to choose from for the emotion section of the questionnaire and five different colors to choose from for the response to what color attracted the participant more. Some of the questions had the same meaning (e. g. , calm, angry) and some had different meaning such as (honest, stable). Based on the results; red had the highest amplitude which means that participants were calm while watching the color red. Pink had the lowest amplitude which means that participants were excited or stressed while watching the color pink. The average mean ranged from 29. 3 11. 6. Even though red is considered an excited color; the EEG showed that participants were more calm or relaxed while observing red. Pink is considered a soft and sweet color but the EEG showed that participants were stressed and excited while observing pink. One-tailed t-test was used to analyze the data for significance. There was significance between all colors except when we compared red vs. white and white vs. black. The p-value for red and white was 0. 1, for white and blue p-value was 0. 02, between blue and black p-value was . 14, and p-value between black and pink was 0. 03. These results show that there was significance difference in alpha. The different amplitude showed the different alpha rate. Nine out of eleven participants chose pink as most excited color and six out of eleven chose pink as their favorite color. This shows a correlation between brain activity and emotions. The EEG showed pink as the most stressed or excited color and the participants chose pink as more excited as the answer to one of the question for experiment. Discussion The main aim for this study was to examine color-brain activity allied with emotions among random sample from undergraduate students and professor. The present study consisted of five different colors including red, white, blue, black and pink. A headset from NeuroSky Mindset, desktop computer and a questionnaire. Overall, 54. 4% participants said that pink was their favorite color and 81. 8% of participants said that they felt excited when they say the color pink. 18% of participants said they were attracted to the color red and the rest of 27% was distributed equally among the color white, blue and black. The results concluded that there was a significant different among all the colors except for red vs. white and black vs. hite. A total of six participants said that they felt danger when they saw red but the EEG results showed the opposite concluding that they were more relaxed. A total of six participants said they felt calm while looking at white and seven said they were calm while looking at blue color. Almost all for except one said they felt serious while seeing the color black. For future studies, I would have the participants write their emotional response right after they see the color and have them decide what response they feel instead of having them to choose one of the answers given.